Muslim Conquest of the MaghrebNorth Africa · 647–709"Do not picture one army crossing one line; picture seventy years of doors opening, closing and opening again."After Egypt fell to Arab Muslim armies, the road west led into Byzantine Africa, where fortified cities, Berber polities and old Roman habits made the Maghreb a difficult country to command.The lesson the elders kept: Conquest can seize a city, but only transformation can hold a region. The Maghreb did not simply receive a new order; it argued with it, reshaped it and carried it onward.